Syllabus - TMHC7027, spring 2020 - click here

Revised Assessment Options since the course went online - click here

Take-home papers AND Commentary Assignments : please post them under "Assignments." Note: Assignments is where you should post the Third Take-home, if you stick with the assessment assignments as outlined on the original syllabus. It is also where you should post your Commentaries, should you choose that option in lieu of a Third Take-home and Final oral exam.

Study guide for the Final oral exam - click here

             Here is the schedule for the Oral exams for May 4 & 5 - click here

Guidelines for Commentary assessment due May 5, 2020 - click here

T

LINKS

The Global Middle Ages (beyond Europe): Link

Race, Racism and the Middle Ages: Link

How to use Perusall: Link

COURSE READINGS

The syllabus below reflects revisions since March 19, when the course was forced online by COVID-19

Jan 16
Introduction to Course

 

Frankish music: Planctus de Obitu Karoli [Lament for the Death of Charlemagne), composed shortly after Charlemagne's death in 814. [9:31]

Popes, Bishops, and Lay Lords in the Early Middle Ages
•    Donation of Constantine [to be read in class]

Jan 23

Reading Guide - click here

Theological Controversies and Christian Praxis: Parish Priests and the Laity in the Early Middle Ages
•    González, I, ch. 26-27, 29
•    Penitential of Theodore

Lay and Monastic Collaboration in Church Renewal
 •    González, I, ch. 30a, 327-34
 •    Philip Sheldrake, “Spirituality and the Process of History,” in Spirituality and History: Questions of Interpretation and Method (rev. ed., 1995)
 •    Foundation Charter of Cluny
 •    The Peace of God; The Truce of God
 •    Liudprand of Cremona, The Deeds of Otto I
 •    Michael E. Hoenicke Moore, "Demons and the Battle for Souls at Cluny," Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 32 (2003): 485-97

Optional reading:
 •    Henrietta Leyser, “Clerical Purity and the Re-Ordered World,” in The Cambridge History of Christianity, vol. 4, Christianity in Western Europe, c. 1100-c. 1500, ed. Rubin et al. (2010), pp. 9-21

Jan 30

Reading Guide - click here

The Investiture Controversy and Papal Reforms
•    González, I, ch. 30b, pp. 334-44; ch. 32, pp. 363-68
•    Jaroslav Pelikan, “The King of Kings,” in Jesus Through the Centuries: His Place in the History of Culture    
•    Documents of the Investiture Controversy
Expansion of Europe: Monastic Theology and Cathedral Schools
•    Bernard of Clairvaux, Sermon 18 on The Song of Songs
•    Bernard of Clairvaux, “Four Degrees of Loving God” in On Loving God
•    David Berger, “The Attitude of Bernard of Clairvaux toward the Jews,” Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research 40 (1972): 89-108

Feb 6
Reading Guide - click here

Hildegard of Bingen: History and Hagiography
•    Hildegard, Scivias (excerpt); "Letter to Pope Eugene III," in Hildegard of Bingen: Selected Writings, pp. 89-92, 31-32 (Penguin)
•    The Life of Holy Hildegard
•    Barbara Newman, “St. Hildegard, Doctor of the Church, and the Fate of Feminist Theology," Spiritus 13.1 (2013): 36-55
The Beginnings of Scholastic Theology
•    Anselm of Canterbury, Why the God Human (Cur Deus Homo), Bk I, 11-15, 19-20
•    Abelard (1079-1142), Sic et non (Yes and No)
•    Abelard, Exposition of the Epistle to the Romans 3:19-25 (esp. 280-84)
Optional reading:

•   Anselm, Proslogion (On the Existence of God)

•    Gary Macy, "Heloise, Abelard and the Ordination of Abbesses," Journal of Ecclesiastical History 57 (2006): 16-32

Feb 13
Reading Guide - click here

The Vita apostolica: Lay Piety, Preaching and Heretical Movements
•    González, I, 32, pp. 357-63
•    M.-D. Chenu, “Monks, Canons, and Laymen in Search of the Apostolic Life,” in Nature, Man, and Society in the Twelfth Century: Essays on New Theological Perspectives in the Latin West (1967; 1968)
•    Documents regarding heretics:
     •    Origins of Waldensian Heresy & Waldensians at Third Lateran Council (1179)
     •    Bonacursus, A Description of the Catharist Heresy
•    Jordan of Saxony, On the Beginnings of the Order of Preachers=                
The Crusades / Male Mendicant Orders: Poverty, Preaching and Ministry
•    González, I, ch. 31, pp. 345-51
•    Francis of Assisi:
    •    Later Rule (1223), in Francis of Assisi: The Saint, pp. 99-106
    •    The Testament, in Francis of Assisi: The Saint, pp. 124-27
•    Robert Bartlett, “Mendicant Saints,” in Why Can the Dead Do Such Great Things? Saints and Worshippers from the Martyrs to the Reformation (2013), pp. 65-71
•    Aviad M. Kleinberg, “St. Francis of Assisi and the Burden of Example,” in Prophets in Their Own Country: Living Saints and the Making of Sainthood in the Later Middle Ages, pp. 126-48

Optional reading:
•    Francis of Assisi, Earlier Rule (1221)
•    Barbara H. Rosenwein and Lester K. Little, “Social Meaning in the Monastic and Mendicant Spiritualities,” Past and Present 63 (1974): 4-32

Feb 20
Reading Guide - click here

The Growth of Papal Power
•    Canons of the Fourth Lateran Council (1215), excerpts
•    Robert Bartlett, “Papal Canonization” and “Lay Female Sanctity,” in Why Can the Dead Do Such Great Things? Saints and Worshippers from the Martyrs to the Reformation (2013), pp. 57-64, 71-77
Cloistering Women: The Case of the Penitent Clare of Assisi
•    Clare of Assisi, Letters to Agnes of Bohemia, in Clare of Assisi: The Lady: Early Documents, ed. Regis J. Armstrong, pp. 43-58
•    The Acts of the Process of Canonization of Clare of Assisi, in Clare of Assisi: The Lady: Early Documents, ed. Armstrong, pp. 141-96
•    Boniface VIII, Periculoso (1298)

Optional reading:
•    Catherine M. Mooney, "Imitatio Christi or Imitatio Mariae? Clare of Assisi and Her Interpreters," in Gendered Voices: Medieval Saints and Their Interpreters, ed. Catherine M. Mooney (1999).

Feb 27

Reading guide - click here

Scholasticism and Mysticism: The Via positiva
•    Thomas Aquinas, Five Ways (on the existence of God)
•    Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae III, q. 46, a. 3-4 (on Christ’s Passion)

Mar 5 - Spring break: no class

Mar 12 - Classes cancelled due to coronavirus outbreak

Mar 19 - First online course meeting

Please go to Discussions in your left menu. I have  invited all to share comments regarding 1) the coronavirus and the move to online learning; 2) Doctors of the Church video/topic; and 3) Catherine of Siena video/topic.

Please view these videos prior to our class meeting:

• 1) [16 min 15 sec] Excerpt from British TV series, released in the USA in 2005. This excerpt, entitled "Exile and Schism," is taken from Epidode 3, entitled "Set Above Nations, 1000-1447." This video pairs with the readings for the second part of today's class "Late Medieval Crises: Piety, Society, & Papacy." You can watch the video here on Canvas by clicking on the embedded video pictured below; you may get slightly better resolution if you download the video (give it time to download): click here to download the video.
• 2) [13 min 24 seconds] Mooney, "Doctors of the Church," this is an excerpt from a lecture I gave in 2011 entitled "Hope for Today from Three Doctors of the Church: Saints Catherine of Siena, Teresa of Avila, and Therese of Lisieux."  This and the next video pair with the Catherine of Siena readings.  By the way, in 2011, when I was speaking, there were only three women Doctors of the Church.  In our class that covered Hildegard of Bingen, who became the fourth woman Doctor, I made some comments regarding Doctors of the Church in general and church popes' and prelates' decision in the late 1960s to accept women as Doctors of the Church.  Part 1 of this lecture, posted here, goes into greater detail.  This is, alas, a talking head video without slides, but it's short enough to be manageable for viewing.  There is a bit of introductory material in the first few minutes, but most of this excerpt regards Doctors of the Church and how women came to be included in this category in the latter half of the twentieth century. After viewing this video, please post any comments or questions you have by the end of Wednesday to the Canvas discussion entitled "Doctors of the Church." I hope to give you more lead time in the following weeks as the dust begins to settle.  We will have some discussion time in Zoom on March 19. Click here to download the video, or click on the embedded video here pictured to view it within Canvas. 
• 3) [14 min 20 sec] This video "Catherine of Siena": is from the same lecture I gave in 2011. Click here to download the video, or click on the embedded video below to view it within Canvas. You can post questions or comments on Canvas under the Discussion "Catherine of Siena" - try to do this by the end of Wednesday, March 18.  We will have more lead time in coming weeks.

Reading guide (N.B. I have not had time to adapt the reading guides to the revised syllabus; use your common sense in pairing questions with the readings) -click here

Mysticism: The Via Negativa
•    González, I, ch. 33-34a  pp. 387-406, 407-411
•    The Cloud of Unknowing; here is a reading guide
     •   We will discuss this text while on zoom together    

Late Medieval Crises: Piety, Society, & Papacy
•    Boniface VIII, Clericis Laicos (1296); and Unam Sanctam (1302)
•    Catherine of Siena, Letters:
     •    Letter 255 (June 1376) to Pope Gregory XI at Avignon)
     •    Letter 250 (August 1377) to Fra Giovanni di Gano
     •    Letter 113 (Nov/Dec 1377) to Countess Bandeçça Salimbeni
     •    Letter 310 (Sep 1378) to three Italian cardinals (regarding the Schism)

•    Caroline Walker Bynum, “...And Woman His Humanity,” in Fragmentation and Redemption: Essays on Gender and the Human Body in Medieval Religion (1991)

Mar 26

Please view these videos prior to our class meeting & post comments/questions on Discussions by Wednesday, March 25, 4 p.m. :

• [48 min 50 sec] "The Black Death," BBC Documentary from 2015.  I will begin this class by making some more comments on some of the difficult fourteenth-century events that set up the burgeoning efforts at reform within the Christian church in the fifteenth century.  One of these difficult moments was what is sometimes known as the Black Death, perhaps better termed simply the Plague.  This documentary will no doubt have new significance for all of us today.  Please click here to download the documentary or click the image to view it here. 
• [12 min 32 sec] "The Renaissance Popes and Humanism" [my title], excerpt from British TV series Saints and Sinners, episode 4. This video pairs with the Gonzalez readings. Some of you may not pay enough attention to Gonzalez, but now that we are all online, I want to underline its importance for your education. You should view this video before reading the Erasmus texts. Click here to download the video, or view the embedded video you see pictured here.
• [1 min 32 sec] "If Coronavirus doesn't kill us, Distance Learning will."  An Israeli parent's response to Distance Learning. Words and rant by Shiri Keningsberg Levi. Translated by Robbie Gringras for Makom. I don't have kids at home but feel the same way...  This video is totally optional; here for a bit of relief.  Click here to view.

15^th Century: Reform in “head and members”
•    González, I, ch. 34b, pp. 411-31
•    Council of Constance: Sacrosancta (6 Apr 1415); and Frequens (9 Oct 1417)
•    Pius II, Execrabilis (18 Jan 1460)
•    The Imitation of Christ
•    The Book of Margery Kempe

Renaissance Humanism (and further reforms) [please view video on Renaissance Popes & Humanism. It pairs with González and should be viewed before reading Erasmus.]
•    González, I, ch. 35
•    González, II, ch. 1
•    Erasmus, The Praise of Folly and The Enchiridion, in Spitz, ed., The Protestant Reformation (a book all students were to have purchased; it is also on Reserve). 

Apr 2

The Third Take-home will be posted to Canvas at the end of class on Apr 2 - you will  get it by clicking at the top of this page where it is posted.  It will be due by the beginning of class Apr 16, as originally scheduled.  No print copies will be necessary and none should be sent to me by mail. 

Please note that I have moved two primary sources, one by Calvin, and one by Henry VIII, to the optional reading category to balance your workload.  I will address this when we are online.

Please view these videos prior to our class meeting:

• [7 min 51 sec] "Martin Luther: The Launch of the Reformation" [my title], excerpt from British TV series Saints and Sinners, episode 4. Please download the video here, or or click the image to view it here.  This video is a brief introduction to Martin Luther.  This short video 
• [55 min 37 sec] Rick Steves, "Luther and the Reformation." I never thought I'd be posting a video by Rick Steves, a TV travel guru, but here it is.  This video covers many of the topics I would have covered in class, with better visuals than you'd get in my powerpoint. In our online meeting, I'll offer some critiques of this and that. There is a Discussion prompt for this video that should be answered after you have read Gonzalez and the Luther primary sources. You can view the video on YouTube: Link
• [2 min 51 sec] "Spread of the Reformation to the Launch of the Age of 'Discovery,'" (my title), excerpt from British TV series, Saints and Sinners, episode 4. Here's the video, or click the image to view it here. There is a Discussion posted which requires a brief comment.
• OPTIONAL: [10 min 57 sec] "The Reformation Spreads and the Counter-Reformation," by Rick Steves (Rick Steves, Classrom Europe). Link

Reading guide - click here

The Early Reformation: Martin Luther
•    González, II, ch. 2-4, pp. 19-46
•    Luther, Preface to the Romans; Ninety-five Theses; and On Christian Liberty, in Spitz
     •   We will discuss this text while on zoom together    
Optional reading:
•    J. Patrick Hornbeck, “Heresy,” in Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Christian Mysticism (2013), pp. 89-102

Hardening Boundaries: The Spread of the Reformation
•    González, II, ch. 5-8
•   Merry Wiesner-Hanks, “Women and Religious Change,” in The Cambridge History of Christianity, vol. 6, Reform and Expansion, 1550-1660, ed. R. Po-Chia Hsia  (2007), pp. 465-82

Optional reading:
•    John Calvin, The Institutes, in Spitz, pp. 129-43
•    Henry VIII, The Six Articles, in Spitz, pp. 162-64
•   John Calvin & William Farel, The Geneva Confession, in Spitz, pp. 114-21
•    Elsie McKee, “The Emergence of Lay Theologies,” in A People’s History of Christianity, vol. 5, Reformation Christianity, ed. Peter Matheson (2007), pp. 212-31

Apr 9 - Easter break: no class

Apr 16

One of the themes of this class regards European Christians' confrontation with various "others."

Please view these videos & this powerpoint prior to our class meeting:

• The next videos discuss key moments in Christianity's relationship with the Jews.  They are produced by Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Museum in Jerusalem.  These videos are among dozens included in a course entitled Antisemitism: From Its Origins to the Present. They are best viewed in order. The first presents Augustine of Hippo's approach to Jews and Judaism.
  
  • [3 min 32 sec] Jews: "The Augustinian Perception," by Jeremy Cohen, Historian, Professor of European Jewish History at Tel Aviv University. Here is the video.
  • [11 min  51 sec] Jews: "The Middle Ages," by Jeremy Cohen, Historian, Professor of European Jewish History at Tel Aviv University. Here is the video.
  • [3 min 17 sec] "The Jewish 'Other' in the Middle Ages," by David Nirenberg, Historian, Professor of Medieval History and Committee on Social Thought, Dean of the Social Sciences Division, University of Chicago. Here is the video.
• This powerpoint depicts statues representing Ecclesia [Church] and Synagoga [Synagogue] on a the entryway into a medieval cathedral.  Please view the images and then post a brief response regarding what you see on the posted Discussion. Here is the powerpoint.
• [5 min 25 sec] Brian Pavlac, “Ugly History: Witch Hunts.” This animated video is produced by TED-Ed, a series for educators and students that is related to TED Talks. Witch hunts began to pick up around 1450 (recall that I briefly mentioned Delumeau’s thesis about a culture of fear and guilt that was picking up around this time and extended through the Reformation and even into the early Modern period. He exaggerates his point, but the witch craze, which affected both Europe and Colonial North America is evidence in favor of his point. Many thousands of people, especially women, lost their lives. Here's the video.
• [1 hour 41 min] "Black Robe."  OK, this is long, but it is a professional produced movie shown in movie theaters, so you  will be watching a great movie.  This movie will be a wonderful complement to the readings for "Colonial Christianity: The Americas."  Those readings regard Latin America. "Black Robe" regards Jesuit missions to "New France," or what we today call Canada. Two important points:
  • 1) At the outset, I want to note that Black Robe contains some very raw and explicit depictions of violence and sexual encounters. If these perturb you, you can either avert your eyes during such scenes or, if you have zero-tolerance rules regarding violence and sex in films, then simply not view it. However, this is a very thought-provoking film that has many worthy features.

  • 2) I have put time into creating a Study Guide for viewing the film.  Please read it before viewing the film. I have tried to avoid any spoilers.  The Study Guide is here.

  • The movie, Black Robe, is here, or you can view it directly by finding it on YouTube. 
• OPTIONAL: This video (5 min 1 sec) presents a Christmas song called the Huron Carol thought to have been written in 1642 by Jesuit Jean de Brébeuf, one of the Jesuits tortured and martyred along with many Hurons when the Iroquois took over the Huron mission in 1649. Note how the lyrics adapt features of the Nativity story to Huron realities. The term "Gitchi Manitou," by the way, means "Great Spirit," which Christian missionaries appropriated as a term for God.  The melody is from a French folk song about Joan of Arc. The original lyrics are in the Huron Wyandot language. Here's the link to a YouTube version of the song in English translation: Link

The Third Take-home should be posted on Canvas by the beginning of the Apr 16 class. No print copies are due and none should be mailed to me or left in my mailbox.

Hardening Boundaries: Christians and Jews
•    The Burning of the Talmud in Italy (1553), in The Jew in the Medieval World (1972), ed. Jacob R. MarcusTrent
•    Solomon Grayzel, "The Talmud and the Medieval Papacy," in Essays in Honor of Solomon B. Freehof, ed. Walter Jacob et al. (1964), pp. 220-45

Colonial Christianity: The Americas
Reading guide: Colonial Christianity: The Americas - click here
•    González, I, ch. 36; ch. 37, pp. 482-85
•    Documents in The Spanish Tradition in America (1968):
     •    Pope Alexander VI, Inter Caetera (1493)
     •    Royal Instructions to Ovando (1501)
     •    Requerimiento (c. 1512)
     •    Paul III, “Indians Are Men” (1537)
     •    Sepúlveda, “Just War Against Barbarians” (c. 1544)

•   “Bartolomé de las Casas (1474-1566)” in Invitation to Christian Spirituality: An Ecumenical Anthology, ed. John R. Tyson (1999)

Apr 23

Please view these videos prior to our class meeting & post comments/questions on Discussions (which you can find by clicking on "Discussions" in left menu by Wednesday, April 23, 4 p.m.:

• [4 min 4 sec], "The Age of 'Discovery' & The Council of Trent" (my title),  excerpt from British TV series, Saints and Sinners, episode 4. Here's the video, or click the image to view it here. This is good to view before doing the reading on Trent.  The next video belwo by Bishop Barron is better to read after you have done the reading on Trent.
• [12 min 53 sec] "The Council of Trent," by Bishop Robert Barron. Barron is a prolific writer and media figure.  He taught at Saint Mary of the Lake seminary from 1992  to 2015, when Pope Francis appointed him to be auxiliary bishop of Los Angeles, California. In this video, made in 2013 on the 450th anniversary of the closing of the Council of Trent, Barron repositions the Council vis-à-vis its popular reputation among both Roman Catholics and Protestants.  He then addresses two central issues that Trent addressed (there were many more than two): 1) original sin, and 2) justification, and presents his perspective on how Trent's teaching on these issues related to Martin Luther's teaching. Your reading for today includes the Council's principal statement on justification.  The Discussion for this will be available from April 16, 6 pm to April 22, 4 p.m.  Here's Bishop Barren's video on the Council of Trent.
• [12 min 12 sec] Catherine M. Mooney, "Teresa of Avila," excerpt from lecture "Hope for Today from Three Doctors of the Church: Saints Catherine of Siena, Teresa of Avila, and Therese of Lisieux" (16 April 2011).  This video clip picks up from the part of the lecture in which I was discussing Catherine of Siena. Here is the Teresa of Avila video.
• [7 min 32 sec] "Bernini, Ecstasy of Saint  Teresa." I always devote some time in lecture to Bernini's famous depiction of Teresa of Avila in ecstasy. This video, produced by Khan Academy, gives you an up-close view of the sculpture. The narration, by art historians Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker, includes the passage Teresa wrote in her autobiography regarding this experience and which later inspired Bernini's sculpture. I include the full text here (one long paragraph; in English translation, with the Spanish original) for you to examine more closely.  How do you assess her account? and has Bernini done justice to the passage? taken liberties? Drs. Harris and Zucker relate the sculpture to both the Reformation and themes within spirituality.  Here is the video on Bernini's portrayal of Teresa.

Reading guide - click here
Catholic Reform: The Council of Trent
•    Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent, Table of Contents. Note the order of topics in the Contents with regard to topics concerning doctrinal matters, and topics concerning reform of the Church.
•    Documents of the Council of Trent. This excerpt includes text concerning attempts to set up and open the Council (challenging to read), and some key texts regarding Scripture and justification.

Catholic Reform: Lay & Monastic
•    Teresa of Avila, “The Foundation of St. Joseph’s,” in The Book of Her Life, ch. 32-36 [N.B. You can omit ch. 34, par. 6-19, a (fascinating) digression about Teresa’s relationship with García de Toledo, O.P., and a brief note about a prophecy concerning her blood-sister María’s death]
Optional reading:
•  Catherine M. Mooney, "Teresa of Avila, Monastic Founder and Master of Prayer," in All Holy Men and Women, ed. Thomas A. Kane (Paulist, 2014).

Apr 30

Please view these videos prior to our class meeting:

The video "The Olive" should be viewed before reading the Spiritual Exercises.  The video excerpt from a lecture delivered by John O'Malley, S.J. can be viewed before or after reading the Spiritual Exercises.

• [10 min 8 sec] "The Olive" (Fordham University production). This is an animated introduction to Ignatius of Loyola. It offers a brief and reliable introduction to Ignatius of Loyola, the man who wrote the influential Spiritual Exercises.
• [6 min 17 sec] Excerpt from John W. O'Malley, S.J., The Jesuits and the Popes: A Historical Sketch, lecture delivered at Georgetown University, Jan 31, 2017. In my lecture, I'll comment on Ignatius of Loyola and his foundation of the Society of Jesus. This video clip allows us to focus on one element of the Society that is fundamental for understanding the Society's relationship with the Church, specifically, the papacy. O'Malley also explains the sometimes misunderstood "fourth vow" that Jesuits make to God regarding their obedience to the pope.
  • In our class discussion, we will be able to consider key features of the Spiritual Exercises,  which are not treated to any significant extent in either of the first two videos. The Exercises are a manual for those guiding others through the spiritual journey of a retreat. More broadly, the text reveals profound spiritual principles that can also be applied in life outside of a retreat setting. The Spiritual Exercises are a pivotal contribution of Ignatius. The text outlines a systematized  program of spiritual growth and decision-making that has been used continuously since the 16th century. Today, when more Christians are rejecting the polemical stereotypes that Catholics and Protestants have propagated toward each other, the Spiritual Exercises are being used and creatively adapted in books and articles by many Christian denominations and even non-Christian faith traditions. John O'Malley, my former colleague from Weston Jesuit School of Theology, is one of the foremost scholars on Ignatius and the early Jesuits today.  Click here to download the video, or use the embedded video depicted here. 

In these next two excerpts from Saints & Sinners, you will see a marked shift in the position of the papacy and the Roman Catholic hurch. The first video chronicles the end of the Council of Trent (which had met in three sessions spanning eighteen years: 1547-1547; 1551-1552; 1562-1563). By the close of the Council and during the first decades following it, the Roman Catholic church, which had been decimated in Europe by Christians opting to join the new Protestant churches, found new confidence.  The papacy moved from a defensive to a very assertive posture, with all the goods and ills that can accompany great and sometimes exaggerated confidence. Because the videos focus on the papacy, they give little attention to the Protestant churches (see next video). It's worth noting that there were complex battles between these churches and the Roman church, often leading to horrendous violence on all sides, and also differences among the various new churches. The second video marks yet another stage in the Catholic church. Many of the popes, who  considered their own rule as absolute, were challenged by secular rulers whose power and organization had grown steadily. One can now speak of these secular entities as states. In tandem with these challenges to the church are others stemming from other non-religious spheres. This includes the discoveries of men like Galileo Galilei who, to the chagrin of some prelates and theologians, claimed that the earth revolved around the sun, a teaching that clashed with the position that the church and earlier scientists had held.

• [7 min 45 sec] "From Ignatius & through the New Tridentine Church (Paul IV, Sixtus V)" [my title]. excerpt from episode 4 of the British TV series, Saints and Sinners.
• [16 min 26 sec] "The Clash of Absolute Rulers & The Church and Galileo" [my title], excerpt from episode 4 of the British TV series, Saints and Sinners.

New Religious Orders and the New Shape of Ministry

•    González, II, ch. 12b, pp. 135-45
       Reading guide: Ignatius of Loyola's Spiritual Exercises - click here
•    Ignatius of Loyola, The Spiritual Exercises.  Use translations by Ganss or Puhl

Colonial Christianity: Africa, Asia

•   González, I, ch. 37
•   Francis Xavier, Letters to the Society of Jesus and to Ignatius of Loyola
•   Haruko Nawata Ward, “Jesuits, Too: Jesuits, Women Catechists, and Jezebels in Christian-Century Japan” in The Jesuits II: Cultures, Sciences, and the Arts 1540-1773, ed. John W. O’Malley, Gauvin Alexander Bailey, Steven J. Harris, and T. Frank Kennedy (2006), pp. 638-58

The Church: Entering the Modern World; & Conclusions
•    González, II, ch. 15-16, pp. 173-75, 177-84

Optional readings:
•   David T. Ngong, Theology as Construction of Piety: An African Perspective, ch. 4, "Assessing the Theology of Inculturation," pp. 91-106, 121-27:
•  John W. O’Malley, SJ, “Ministry to Outsiders: The Jesuits,” in A History of Pastoral Care, ed. G.R. Evans (2000)
•   Peter Matheson, “The Language of Common Folk,” in A People’s History of Christianity, vol. 5, Reformation Christianity, ed. Matheson, pp. 259-83
•   Nicolette Mout, “Peace Without Concord: Religious Toleration in Theory and Practice," in The Cambridge History of Christianity, vol. 6, Reform and Expansion, 1550-1660, ed. R. Po-Chia Hsia (2007), pp. 227-43

May 4, 5 - Final Oral Exams